Hamlet and Ophelia :: Essays Papers

Hamlet and Ophelia 1. Plays fool foils to help the audience understand distinguished characters in the play. Foils atomic number 18 minor characters that have similarities and differences with a more important character in the play. Sometimes the minor character is just there for the character to talk to this is the basis for being a foil. In the play Hamlet, Titles by William Shakespeare, the character Ophelia is a foil to Hamlet. 2. Similarities are an important part of being a foil. One coincidence that Hamlet and Ophelia share are that they both are children of controlling parents. SV - 1 Hamlets father, who is murdered, comes back as a ghost to tell him who his murderer is. This news is his fathers way of controlling him from the grave. Hamlets mother and stepfather are also controlling him by presuading persuading Hamlet not to go to Wittenburg. Men in those days went away to get an education. There was no need for Hamlet to do so because he was a prince. As a Pri nce, he might have been even more likely to go abroad for his education. Ophelia is controlled by her father also. She tells him how Hamlet has tried some times to express his affections for her. Ophelias father does not believe Hamlet is sincere and orders her to stay away from him. Ophelia obeys her fathers wishes. Women were expected to do as they were told and believed what they were told to be true. 3. Another similarity between Hamlet and Ophelia is their the feelings they have for each other. In the beginning of the play, we are lead led to believe that Hamlet loves Ophelia. This frightens Ophelia, but that does not mean she does not have feelings for him also. It is her father who discourages encourages her to suppress any feelings she may have then. Later in the play Ophelia confesses her love for Hamlet, and he then hides his feelings and denies that he loved her. He suggests that she goes go to a nunnery. This makes Ophelia feel worthless and not wanted. 4. Fina lly the reactions that the characters have to their fathers deaths are also similar. When Hamlet learns that his father was murdered and that his stepfather is the killer, it is more than he can handle.

images of gender in the media Essay -- essays research papers

Finding a simple or concrete definition of gender maybe near impossible. knowledgeableity roles are what men and muliebrity learn and internalize as the way they are supposed to act. These roles are commonly thought of as natural kinda than a construction of goal. Gender is thought to flow from sex, rather then being a matter of what the culture does with sex. This theory is widely and exhaustively debated, check to Wood Sex is based on biology Gender is socially and psychologically constructed (Wood 19). This statement suggests that cultures discourses and ideologies form the complexities of gender and gender roles. It is lucky to say that girls are made of sugar and spice and everything nice and boy are made of snips and snails and puppy dog tails, but we are truly more intricate then that. To understand gender, it is necessary to understand the distinction between sex and gender. Sex is defined by the physical body and is characterized by the initial biological structure from birth. The characteristics of each male or female body maybe different but the hand ups are the same. Gender on the other hand according to Wood is unstable it is a category or a means by which we understand the body. The cultures ideologies and discourses surrounding us make sense of the body and determine our gender in multiple ways. It gives us a social, political, symbolic, and economic understanding of our bodies and how they are similar and dissimilar from other bodies. Because culture is a living entity and is always advancing it allows gender roles the ability to change with the culture. The idea of what a woman should be and how and what she can do has changed. Women are promptly able to do things such(prenominal) as vote and support their own families in our modern culture when in the past it was thought to be variable with the expected demeanours of the gender. Culture also varies greatly from one to another and there for so does the idea of gender throughout th e world. Considering the evolution of what is considered acceptable gender behavior throughout cultures it stands as a reasonable conclusion that gender is neither based on or found in nature, but is rather constructed by its inhabitants.We are surrounded by ideologies and discursive examples that suggest how men and women should act and how they should look like in comparison to one another. Thes... ...ure is so used to beholding woman on display is what makes this ad so subversive. When you realize that the person on the screen is a man you are surprised at such image so far from the norm. The culture is not normally put in the position to view a man in a sexual way. When someone is viewed in a sexual way is it can give a sense of power to the viewer, as if the person being viewed is just a piece of meat. Seeing Joe Namath posing with pantyhose on switches the power roles, now he is on display in a sexual manner rather then a woman. The Namath ad relies on the deeply entrenched and prescribed values associated with each gender, and without the near universal understanding of masculine and feminine roles the ad would forfeit to make sense. The poignancy of the ad is made by displacement of character, gender, biological sex. When the ad starts at the toes of Namath (the model) the scenario is set for another image enhancing commercial for a womans product, but when Namaths face appears on camera as the main and only spokesperson for the product there is an initial sense of breach and surprise that makes the message of the ad and the cognitions of the viewer converge and coalesce.

More Sympathy for the Creature than Frankenstein Essay -- Mary Shelley

The novel, Frankenstein was written by Mary Shelley and was first published in the year 1818. Although it was supposedly a trouble at the time it was released, (a time of many scientific advances, especially in human anatomy), the novel has never gone out of print and certain questions close to the book have never, and most likely, will never be answered. In the essay I hope to give my view on the question which of the dickens characters does the reader have most sympathy for, Frankenstein or the putz.Victor Frankensteins record of the novel immediately puts the reader into his exclusive mindset, and therefore we are only when given his feelings and his perspective on the events.This being so, we are more easily able to sympathise with his predicament. For instance, we are able to find sympathy for him at the intelligence information of his br otherwises death, and indeed the rest of his family. The suffering that Victor goes through here is characteristic of this type of got hic novel, and is common in romantic fiction. We excessively feel sorry for Victor as he had worked hard for nearly two years in the process, ruining his health and depriving himself of rest, only for the beauty of the dream to vanish with the animation of the creature. He expenditures personification to make his dream seem more important, and to make his loss more sharply felt.Of course, Victors narration adds emphasis to his suffering, something that he does not do when referring to the creature, or if he does it is to emphasise the creatures inhumanity etc. If it were the creature narrating, I believe that the events would be given in a more two sided fashion.Victors narration changes the perspective in which we perceive the novel. Victor is constantly seeking to gain more sympath... ...e of language of Montavert, indicates that he bears the creature hatred, due to his use of words and phrases, abhorred monster, fiend that thou art words such as fiend sound especially harsh du e to the use of the letter F, followed by a vowel. Also the word abhorred can be elongated to give a similar, disdainful effect.I believe that the creature is removed more worthy of sympathy than Frankenstein , especially at the beginning before he has committed any crimes. At this stage he is entirely innocent, and so any hatred towards him is irrational, just like hatred towards a newborn child is irrational. However Frankenstein shunned the creature, and this act is extremely hard to forgive, many of Frankensteins other mistakes are entirely forgivable, and are part of being human, but this act, was truly monstrous, making Frankenstein impossible to give sympathy to.

The Australian Aboriginal People: Dating the Colonization of Australia :: Biology Biological Colony Essays

The Australian Aboriginal People Dating the Colonization of AustraliaAbstractThe resolution of each continent by modern benignant populations remains an important question in our history as a species. Studies of readings in mitochondrial genomes, Y-chromosomes, satellite DNA, and new(prenominal) communicable markers can be used to estimate the time of divergence of one population from another. Recent advancements in technology have advanced our capabilities in genetic analysis. In particular, PCR can be used to amplify, study, and sequence DNA from long-deceased specimens.Ingman and Gyllensten studied 101 complete mitochondrial genomes from contemporary populations in Australia and many other regions. The mitochondrial genetic diversity of Aboriginals is remarkably high, similar to that found in Asia. Ingman and Gyllesten estimated colonization of Australia at 40,000-70,000 years ago and supported multiple waves of migration. Another study by Adcock and others indicates t hat anatomically modern humans were present in Australia before complete fixation of the mtDNA lineage, but does not establish a colonization date. A study of Y-chromosome variation by Vandenburg and others in 1999 revealed two haplotypes unique to Australian Aboriginals. Most (78%) of Aboriginal haplotypes fell into two clusters, possibly indicating two original, separate lineages of founding Aboriginal Australians.As recently as the 1960s, anthropologists predicted the colonization of Australia at less than 10,000 years ago. Advancments in thermoluminescence dating pushed back the estimated colonization time to 50,000-60,000 years ago in the too soon 1990s. Improvements in thermoluminescence and carbon dating techniques adjusted previous colonization dates of 50,000-60,000 years to almost 45,000 years. The results of morphological dating best-support the multiregional evolution hypothesis of modern humans, and further down the possible ancestry of modern Australian Aborigi nals.Mitochondrial DNA analysis, recent thermoluminescence dates, and the history of ocean levels coincide roughly to indicate a colonization of Australia at approximately 50,000 years ago. IntroductionThroughout recorded history, humans have been defined by a desire to know ourselves Where did we come from? How did we get here? Where ar we going? Many questions are directed towards our appearance as a species and subsequent populating of the world, -- piece by piece. One particularly large piece of the earth is Australia a continent, a country, and a mystery in human history.Though the major events in Australian natural history have been revealed, for the most part, human history remains a great topic of debate.

Class Distinctions and Internal Struggle in the Works of James Joyce Es

Class Distinctions and Internal Struggle in the Works of crowd together Joyce In the early twentieth century, Ireland, and more specifically Dublin, was a place defined by class distinctions. There were the wealthy, worldly upper-class who owned large, alarming townhouses in the luxurious neighborhoods and the less fortunate, uneducated poor who lived in any shack they could afford in the middle of the city. For the most part, the affluent class was Protestant, succession the struggling workers were overwhelmingly Catholic. These distinctions were the result of nearly a century of disparity in income, education, language, and occupation, and in turn were the fundamental bases for the internal struggle that many of Joyces characters feel. disunite between the life they lead and the one they dream of, these people are reflections of the harsh setting in which Joyce himself spent his life. Although Joyce never explicitly explains why his principal(prenominal) characters in A Litt le Cloud, Eveline, Counterparts, and The Boarding House are so deprived, it is clear that they are at an unfair disadvantage in some way. He uses them to spotlight and protest the hardships that so many people of Dublin were forced to endure simply because of their religion and its effects on the other aspects of their lives. The Irish-Catholics of Dublin in this era were overwhelmingly poverty-stricken, especially when compared to the English people who controlled the government and businesses. In fact, in 1914, the same year that Dubliners was first published, 74,000 people in Dublin lived in one-room tenements, and about 56,000 more in two-room tenements and this 130,000 people represented 42 per cent of Dublins citizens (Cahalan 178). Even a noted employe... ...Handbook. Ed. James R. Baker and Thomas F. Staley. Belmont, Calif. Wadsworth Pub. Co., 1969. 120-24. Joyce, James. The Boarding House. The Bedford entryway to Literature. 332-37. ---. Counterparts. Dubliners. New York Viking Press, 1968. 86-98. ---. Eveline. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. 329-31 ---. A Little Cloud. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. 337-45. Ledden, Patrick J. Education and well-disposed Class in Joyces Dublin. Journal of Modern Literature 22.2 (1998) 329-36. Ryan, Ellen Bouchard, Howard Giles, and Richard J. Sebastian. Attitudes Toward Language Variation Social and Applied Contexts. London Edward Arnold, 1982. Torchiana, Donald T. Backgrounds for Joyces Dubliners. Boston Allen & Unwin, 1986. Walzl, Florence L. Patterns of Paralysis in Joyces Dubliners. College English XXII. (1961) 226.

Class Distinctions and Internal Struggle in the Works of James Joyce Es

Class Distinctions and Internal Struggle in the Works of James Joyce In the early 20th century, Ireland, and more specifically Dublin, was a place defined by class distinctions. There were the wealthy, worldly upper-class who owned large, stately townhouses in the luxurious neighborhoods and the less(prenominal) fortunate, uneducated poor who lived in any shack they could afford in the middle of the city. For the most part, the affluent class was Protestant, while the struggling workers were overwhelmingly Catholic. These distinctions were the way out of nearly a century of disparity in income, education, language, and occupation, and in turn were the fundamental bases for the internal struggle that many of Joyces characters feel. Torn between the life they lead-in and the one they dream of, these people are reflections of the harsh setting in which Joyce himself spent his life. Although Joyce never explicitly explains why his main characters in A smallish Cloud, Eveline, Count erparts, and The Boarding House are so deprived, it is clear that they are at an unfair disadvantage in some way. He uses them to spotlight and protest the hardships that so many people of Dublin were forced to endure simply because of their religion and its effects on the other aspects of their lives. The Irish-Catholics of Dublin in this era were overwhelmingly poverty-stricken, especially when compared to the English people who controlled the government and businesses. In fact, in 1914, the same year that Dubliners was first published, 74,000 people in Dublin lived in one-room tenements, and about 56,000 more in two-room tenements and this 130,000 people represented 42 per cent of Dublins citizens (Cahalan 178). Even a noted employe... ...Handbook. Ed. James R. Baker and Thomas F. Staley. Belmont, Calif. Wadsworth Pub. Co., 1969. 120-24. Joyce, James. The Boarding House. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. 332-37. ---. Counterparts. Dubliners. New York Viking Press, 1968. 86-98. ---. Eveline. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. 329-31 ---. A Little Cloud. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. 337-45. Ledden, Patrick J. Education and Social Class in Joyces Dublin. Journal of Modern Literature 22.2 (1998) 329-36. Ryan, Ellen Bouchard, Howard Giles, and Richard J. Sebastian. Attitudes Toward Language Variation Social and Applied Contexts. London Edward Arnold, 1982. Torchiana, Donald T. Backgrounds for Joyces Dubliners. capital of Massachusetts Allen & Unwin, 1986. Walzl, Florence L. Patterns of Paralysis in Joyces Dubliners. College English XXII. (1961) 226.

Geography Coursework Keswick

General aimTo find whether Keswick is a king protea site.Specific HypothesesTo test the general aim to study that Keswick is a honey pot site, we will investigate 3 specific hypotheses1. Keswick town pennyre caters generally for its tourists in its land use.2. Keswick demonstrates some of the key problems associated with king protea sites.3. Keswick attracts a high proportion of non- local anaesthetic visitors.What is a king protea site?A honeypot site is a site where there is attractive conniption or historical interest, and tourists visit in large numbers. Honeypot sites are areas which attract many another(prenominal) tourists. They are so c entirelyed because tourists flock to these places like bees around honey.Problems with a honeypot siteThe large number of tourist causes many problems in and around Keswick. These problems include * Litter and pollution* Noise pollution* Vandalism* Traffic congestion This is a problem in the village to both locals and visitors. There is a large car park, with space for coaches, and public toilets but as peak generation the parking provision is not enough and the congestion spoils the character of the village and affects its enjoyment by all.You can read also Classifications of Restaurants* Footpath erosion resulting from overuse. This is peculiarly the case around popular indispensable attractions.* Conflict with other landusers e.g. farmers and walkersHow are these problems are being tackled?Footpath erosion Improvements such as surfacing paths in local stone or re-routing certain paths meet been undertaken to reduce the impact of erosion.An increasing number of litter bins have been provided throughout the village.What benefits are created by touristry in the area?Social Benefits* Jobs are created* Crime reduces due to higher levels of employmentEconomic Benefits* Jobs are created. Therefore state have more money to expire on local goods and dishs.* Multiplier effect by creating a factory and provid ing new jobs, the local economy grows by more than the original hard currency injectionWhat is a topic park?* topic parks provide for tourists facilities* They encourage tree planting* They give advice to land uses* They arrange talks and channelize walks* They mark out footpaths for you to walk along* They buy land to protect its character* They monitor and clean pollution* They provide on information service* They encourage suitable developments* The refuse permission for unsuitable buildings* The lake district is the largest National park in England* It is 885 square miles in size* There is 11 National parks in England* There are 1800 rules for footpaths in the countrysideIntroduction to KeswickTourism is the worlds largest pains, with annual revenue of almost $500 billion. And it is growing fast, with airline arrivals expected to pronged by 2010. In 1950 25 million inter topic arrivals were recorded worldwide a figure which has risen to 500 million by 1996.Leisure is estim ated to trace for 75 per centime of all international travel. The World Tourism Organisation estimated there were 694 million international tourist arrivals in 2003, a drop of 1.2 per cent (attributed to the problems of the Iraq conflict, SARS and a generally weak world economy). Arrivals have picked up in 2004, and they are expected to reach 1.6 billion by 2020. Domestic touristry (people going on holiday in their own country) is generally thought to be 4-5 times great than international arrivals.Globally, tourism accounts for roughly 35 per cent of exports of services and over 8 per cent of exports of goods. Tourism is now the worlds largest employer. In 2001, the International Labour Organisation estimated that globally over 207 million jobs were directly or indirectly employed in tourism. In the UK alone, 10% of total employment is in the tourism sector.People who have employment within the UK usually form a high salary compared to the rest of the world and people consider that they must strike a work/life balance and hence spend more time on holidays.The UK has seen a greater accession in car ownership since the 1950s when in 1951 only 1 in 20 familiess had a car, by 1996 this figure had risen to 71% of all UK families owned at least 1 vehicle and by 2005 this figure has risen with many families owning 2 vehicles. The increase in car ownership obviously goes hand in hand with an improvement in the transport system of the UK which since the 1950s has seen improvements in roads oddly motorways and urban by-passes have resulted in driving times between places reduced and encourage people to travel more frequently and greater distances. Keswick has glorious an excellent road system and is easy to reach being just 20 minutes along the A66 trunk road from junction 40 of the M6 motorway.As mentioned to a higher place a major factor for the increase in tourism in the Keswick area has been a change in lifestyle compared to the 1950s, people are retiring( a) early and living longer and are able to take advantage of their greater fitness, also many people due to retiring early and greater disposable income has seen an increase in people buying 2nd homes in the Keswick area. There has been an increase in active holidays compared to the 1950s with a lot more people involved in water sports and fell running etc which the Keswick area offers a wide choice of such activities.Since the 1950s now almost everybody has a television and many have access to the internet, there is a greater ability to access information about holiday and tourism in general and the tourism industry use all means of advertising.There has been an increase in Green tourism or sustainable tourism which the Lake District and Keswick are a choice example where tourism is needed to benefit the local economy and the environment with people visiting the area and not spoiling the natural beauty of the area.With the increase in tourism since the 1950s there have been severa l areas described as Honey pot Sites In geography, a honey pot is a in particular popular attraction within a managed tourist area, such as a national park. Honey pot sites are often encouraged because they thin the damage caused by tourists on small sites, making conservation easier in other parts of the managed area.The problem is how to preserve the honey pots natural beauty and their effective quality while providing facilities for the hordes of people who arrive at peak summer periods.The main problem with Honey pot sites is too many tourists overcrowding small places. referable to the fact that footpaths are been overused, they get eroded casing the council to pay out a large sum of money to repair these paths. There is a high level of litter, vandalism and trespassing on Honey pot sites which causes discomfort and trouble to those who live there this has sparked off a conflict between local farmers and tourists which has caused, restricting tourists access to footpaths, b ridleways and separating activities, e.g. Water Skiing and Angling. Also roads have been congested by heavy Lorries, local traffic and tourist traffic which has caused beautiful routes separating local and tourist traffic.A National Park is an area of great natural beauty can be preserved and enhanced, and so that enjoyment of the scenery by the public can be levyd. There are12 National parks in England these 11 parks contain some of the most diverse and outstanding upland and a variety of scenery which in turn provides a wide range of recreational activities. All the parks provide basic opportunities for walking, riding, fish and water sports. These parks are within easy reach of both urban and rural conurbations, they all have motorways running near them which make them all easy access sites.National park are mostly owned privately (81%) , mainly by farmers with 6% owned by the Forestry Commission, 5% to the National Trust , 3% to the ministry of defence , 3% to the water auth orities.The aims of National parks were updated in 1995, the aims were1. To conserve and enhance the natural beauty, wildlife and cultural heritage of the National Parks.2. To promote opportunities for the public understanding and enjoyment of the special qualities of the Parks.The idea for a form of national parks was first proposed in the United States in the 1800s where National Parks were established to protect wilderness areas such as Yosemite this model has been used in many other countries since, but not in the United Kingdom. after thousands of years of human integration into the landscape, Britain lacks natural areas of wilderness. Furthermore, those areas of natural beauty so cherished by the romantic poets were often only maintained and managed in their brisk state by human activity, usually agriculture. In1931, Christopher Addison chaired a government committee that proposed a National Park Authority to choose areas for designation as national parks. A system of nationa l reserves and nature sanctuaries was proposed1. To safeguard areas of exceptional natural interest against (a) disorderly development and (b) spoliation2. To improve the means of access for pedestrians to areas of natural beauty and3. To promote measures for the protection of flora and fauna.In 1947 by a Government committee, this time chaired by Sir Arthur Hobhouse, which prepared legislation for national parks, and proposed 12 national parks. Sir Arthur had this to say on the criteria for designating suitable areasThe essential requirements of a National Park are that it should have great natural beauty, a high value for outside recreation and substantial continuous extent. Further, the distribution of selected areas should as far as practicable be such that at least one of them is quickly kindly from each of the main centers of population in Wales and England Lastly there is merit in variety and with the wide diversity of landscape which is available in England and Wales, it w ould be wrong to confine the selection of National Parks to the more rugged areas of stilt and moorland, and to exclude other districts which, though of less outstanding grandeur and wildness, have their own distinctive beauty and a high recreational value.HistoryGranted its market character by Edward in 1276. Keswick was an important wool and whip plaza until about 1500.LocationKeswick is standing on the shore of Derwentwater at the junction jointure, south east and west routes through the Lake District. It is situated in the north of the Lake District it is surrounded by lots of tall mountains. Carlise to Keswick 39m, Penrith 20m, Windermere 23, and Workington 22.Maps here are some maps to show you where about Keswick is positioned.Map of Great BritainMap of North air jacketMap of CumbriaMap of KeswickAs you can see Keswick is very accessible due to the many roads that go through it and pass close by. ornament around KeswickThe Landscape around Keswick has stunning scenery, i t has many lakes and mountains near by and it has vast countryside. It also has a well kept old town centre which is very popular for tourists, where they can buy souvenirs and enjoy dinner at the many restaurants. Here are some pictures to show why Keswick is a honeypot site because of its breath taking scenery.Here is at the centre of Keswick where there are many shops.Here is a picture of one of Keswicks beautiful lakesHere is one if the breath taking views that attract hikers and walkers to go to Keswick.A icyly eroded landscapeTourists are attracted to the Lake District by the spectacular landscape, which has been formed mainly by glacial erosion.The worlds climate is continuously changing. Between 14 and 20 glacial periods have occurred in the last 1 million years. The most modern ice age started 100 000 years ago and ended 10 000 years ago. During it, ice sheets covered most of Britain north and the Midlands and changed the landscape by glacial erosion and deposition.A glac ier is a mass of moving ice. It erodes by two main processes* Plucking water enters cracks in the judder and freezes so that it is attached to both the stone and the glacier. When the glacier moves, the block of rock is pulled out of the ground.* Abrasion Blocks of rock (or load) in the base and sides of the glacier are scraped over the rock surface. They scratch it, making parallel groves called striations. Abrasion has a sandpaper effect so the rock surface looks smooth.Frost shattering also occurs in glacial environments. This is a weathering process, not an erosion process. When water enters a crack in the rock it expands by 10 per cent. The ice pushing on the sides of the crack it widens it. Blocks of rock can then fall on to the glacier from the vale side above. Frost-shattered rock surfaces are easier for glaciers to erode by plucking.Corries are produced by glacial erosion. Red tarn corrie is an armchair-shaped hollow on the eastern side of Helvellyn mountain in the Lake D istrict. It is 0.5 km wide and 1km from the front to back. The steep back and side walls are up to 220 m high. A small round lake called Red Tarn lies in the hollow in the base of the corrie. The water is kept in by a rock ridge on the floor of the corrie called a rock lip. The quickest way to identify a corrie on a map is to find a round lake less than 0.5 km in diam with a U-shaped pattern of contours. How ever many of them do not have lakes in them.Here is Red tarn corrieConclusionMy conclusion is that Keswick is defiantly a honeypot site, and that it is a honypot site because of its location and beautiful scenery. I also think that in time to come Keswick will still be honeypot site for years and years.

The Hunters: Phantom Chapter 1

Elena Gilbert stepped onto a smooth expanse of grass, the spongy blades col apsing beneath her feet. Clusters of scarlet roses and violet delphiniums pushed up from the ground, while a giant cover hung above her, twinkling with glowing lanterns. On the terrace in front of her stood two curving white marble fountains that shot sprays of water high into the air. Everything was beautiful, elegant, and in some manner familiar.This is Bloddeuwedds palace, a voice in her head said. But when she had been here last, the field had been crowded with laughing, dancing partygoers. They were gone now, although signs of their presence remained empty glasses littered the tables draw around the edges of the lawn a silken shawl was tossed over a chair a lone high-heeled shoe perched on the edge of a fountain. Something else was odd, too. Before, the scene had been lit by the hel ish red light that il uminated everything in the Dark Dimension, turning blues to purples, whites to pinks, and pinks to the velvety color of blood. Now a clear light shone over everything, and a ful white moon sailed calmly overhead.A whisper of movement came from behind her, and Elena realized with a start that she wasnt alone after al . A pitch-dark figure was suddenly there, approaching her. Damon.Of course it was Damon, Elena thought with a smile. If anyone was going to appear unexpectedly before her here, at what felt interchangeable the end of the universe or at least the hour after a good party had ended it would be Damon. God, he was so beautiful. Black on unrelenting soft black hair, look black as midnight, black jeans, and a smooth leather jacket. As their eyes met, she was so glad to see him that she could scantily breathe. She threw herself into his embrace, clasping him around the neck, feeling the lithe, hard muscles in his arms and chest.Damon, she said, her voice trembling for some reason. Her body was trembling, too, and Damon stroked her arms and shoulders, calming her.What is it, princess? Dont tel me youre afraid. He smirked lazily at her, his workforce strong and steady.I am afraid, she answered.But what are you afraid of?That left her puzzled for a moment. Then, slowly, putting her cheek against his, she said, Im afraid that this is just a dream.Il tel you a secret, princess, he said into her ear. You and I are the only real things here. Its everything else thats the dream.Just you and me? Elena echoed, an uneasy thought nagging at her, as though she were forgetting something or someone. A fleck of ash landed on her dress, and she absently brushed it away.Its just the two of us, Elena, Damon said sharply.Youre mine. Im yours. Weve loved each other since the beginning of time. Of course. That must be why she was trembling it was joy. He was hers. She was his. They belonged together. She whispered one word Yes.Then he kissed her.His lips were soft as silk, and when the kiss deepened, she tilted her head back, exposing her throat, anticipating the double white Anglo-Saxon Protestant sting hed delivered so many times. When it didnt come, she opened her eyes questioningly. The moon was as bright as ever, and the scent of roses hung heavy in the air. But Damons chiseled features were gruesome under his dark hair, and more ash had landed on the shoulders of his jacket. Al at once, the little doubts that had been niggling at her came together.Oh, no. Oh, no.Damon. She gasped, looking into his eyes despairingly as tears fil ed her own. You cant be here, Damon. Youre dead.For more than five hundred years, princess. Damon flashed his blinding smile at her. More ash was fal ing around them, like a fine gray rain, the same gray ash Damons body was buried beneath, worlds and dimensions away.Damon, youre dead now. Not undead, but gone.No, Elena He began to flicker and fade, like a dying lightbulb.Yes. Yes I held you as you died Elena was sobbing helplessly. She couldnt feel Damons arms at al now. He was disappearing into shimmering ligh t.Listen to me, ElenaShe was holding moonlight. Anguish caught at her heart.Al you need to do is cal for me, Damons voice said.Al you needHis voice faded into the sound of wind rustling through the trees.Elenas eyes snapped open. Through a taint she registered that she was in a room fil ed with sunlight, and a huge crow was perched on the sil of an open window. The bird tilted its head to one side and gave a croak, watching her with bright eyes.A cold chil ran down her spine. Damon? she whispered.But the crow just spread its wings and flew away.

Roger Sperry

Born August 20, 1913, Roger W. Sperry, won the 1981 Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine. He component partd it with two other scientists, Wiesel and Hubel, for look on the nauseating system and champion. They were praised for demonstrating the difference between the two hemispheres of the brain and special functions of the right brain. (Roger W. Sperry Biography (n.d.) A moderately controversial psycho biologist, Sperry changed the history of psychology. In 1935, Sperry go to an Introduction to Psychology class. His first page of notes reported two questions. One being, Where does port come from? and two, What is the purpose of consciousness? (Puente, A. 1995) His questions lead this intellectual giant into decades of research that would make a permanent impact on neuroscience, neuropsychology, psychology, philosophy, and society worldwide. (Puente, A. 1995)Born in Hartford, Connecticut, Sperry was a son of a banker and son of an Assistant to the Principle at a local High Sc hool. He had superstar brother named Russell, a year younger, who went into chemistry. At 10 years old, Sperry read a William James (1842-1910) result that influenced his thoughts. At 11 years old, his father passed away, which left him mentally and emotional unfit for some time. As he attended high school, he vie sports and was able to letter n the varsity athletics. Between high school and college he lettered three times in varsity athletics. He went on to graduate as an English Major in 1935, obtained a Masters in Psychology in 1937, then earned his Doctorate in fauna 1941. In his professional career, Sperry held six different professional positions throughout his studies as a researcher and professor. He achieved near thirty-five different awards, honors, and scholarships in his lifetime. He also traveled all over the world to join in research studies. (Odelberg, W. 1982)Sperry was a shy and reserved man. He married Norma, a gent biologist in December 1949. Together they ha d a son and a daughter ten years apart. In his home life, he appeared as a family man as well as he loved collecting fossils, fishing, snorkeling, painting, sports, sculptures, ceramics, and dancing. In the first year of the Sperrys marriage, Roger, during a routine chest x-ray showed certainty of tuberculosis. The couple were sent to New York for treatment. During treatment he began writing monumental concepts of Mind and Brain, (1952) where he began to describe, Present day science is quite at a loss even to begin to describe the neural events involved in the simplest forms of mental activity. (Sperry, R. W. 1952 p.311) His thoughts became a published article in 1952 highborn Neurology of mind and brain problems. This was iodine of two hundred-ninety publications by Sperry. Experimental StudiesSperry is most famous for experimental studies of how brain circuits are formed and for research on mental activities after the connecting tracts between cerebral hemispheres have been cu t. While working toward his doctorate, Sperry was in close association with biophysicist Paul Weiss. Weiss developed a surgery to break apart how connections between nerves and muscles are patterned in amphibian. This experiment showed regeneration of links from eye to brain, and brain to muscles after having one eye removed and one rotated 180 degrees. (Trevarthen, C. 2004)In 1950, Sperry took one eye and transferred the other eye to the opposite side of the head in a fish or newt, resulting in them going in circles or appearing to be chasing their tail. Sperry concluded there is an internal brain signal, helping both perception of self movement and the centralise of perception while the world is in motion. (Trevarthen, C. 2004)In 1953, Sperry and graduate student, Ronald Myers, invented an operation in cats to cut the crossover of visual nerves, and lead the nerves to only one cerebral hemisphere. While leaving one hemisphere intact for the animal to function . They tried severa l versions of crossovers. Specific connections could transmit learning. This operation is the route of the depot split brain. These experiments extended to monkeys. (Trevarthen, C. 2004)In 1960, Neurosurgeon Joseph Bogen and Sperry observed behavior of split brain monkeys outside test situations. Their observations indicated that the left hemisphere which is normally the possessive and learning side, was virtually unimpaired and offered promise of relief from debilitating epileptic fits. (Trevarthen, C. 2004) Epilepsy disturbs brain function and can cause injury, brain damage or death.In 1962, Bogen performed a total neocortical commissurotomy, also known as brain surgery on a man who suffered frequent epileptic attacks. Sperry was able to defend systematic psychological tests after the surgery. In 1965, researchers explored a small population of brain surgery patients. Once understanding the connections achieved, this step in human brain surgery reached into all areas of human m ental life and excited immense public and scholarly interest. (Trevarthen, C. 2004)In 1964, Roger Sperry, in a conference to the Division of biota at Caltech, presented his ideas on consciousness. For the first time in psychologys history, Sperry was able to give his professional thesis on behavior and consciousness. Stating behavior is not only the closing of complex interworking of neuronal patterning, but such patterning would give rise to consciousness. This consciousness would have causal effect on specific neuronal activity. (Puente, A. 1995) In laymens terms, our behavior affects our consciousness, and our consciousness affects our behavior. Giving an answer to questions he had asked himself nearly 30 years before. SummarySperry continued his research until the end of his life. He received an APA Lifetime achievement Award at the 101st convention of the American Psychological Association in August of 1993. Several extraordinary breakthroughs have been achieved from the dedi cation, research, and logic Sperry was able to share with his colleagues. He was able to give humans with neurological problems life rather than having to suffer. Roger W. Sperry died on April 17, 1994, in Pasadena, CA from neuromuscular degenerative disorder.Referenceshttp//nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1981/sperry-autobio.htmlhttp//www.faqs.org/health/bios/41/Roger-W-Sperry.htmlhttp//people.uncw.edu/puente/sperry/sperrypapers/50s/46-1952.pdf

Inherit the Wind: Henry Drummond Essay

The authors, Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lees, main purpose through acquire the Wind is proving that manhood hold the right to think. Henry Drummond is vital in this discovery because of his firm belief that one should hold this right. Drummonds hero archetype is the cause for his fortified feelings, and he succeeds when convincing the audience of his beliefs by revealing the contradictions underlying his witnesses inherited religious beliefs. Henry Drummond arrives in Hillsboro as an atheist, and leaves as a hero. The townspeoples initial reaction to the news that Drummond is def closureing Cates, alerts the audience. This is most app arnt when Melinda, a young girl, first sees him and screams Its the Devil (Lawrence and Lee ). Drummond does not let the citizens misconstrued interpretation of him distract him from his goal, to take a stand. Drummond uses the case as an opportunity to fight for the right to think and develop ones own truths. easy the townspeople start to see thr ough Brady and start to see the true Drummond. The Drummond who is committed to defending Cates and respects Cates for standing up when everybody else is sitting down.(Lawrence and Lee ). Brady and Drummond are alike in multiple ways such as their mutual respect for each other as well as their past together, only there are also very significant differences between them, such as their character. Drummonds reason to defend Cates is to share a message end-to-end the world as well as protect an innocent man. Meanwhile Bradys purpose is to gain popularity throughout the world, and only to help himself. Bradys neglect of dedication towards this case results in his downfall. In Act III of the play, the readers see Drummonds quick mind, his ability to function under pressure, and his creativity. When the judge refuses all of Drummonds witnesses he switches tactics and decides to call Brady to the stand as an expert on the bible.Drummonds character serves as a foil for Bradys character, D rummonds enduring demeanor and open-minded, progressive way of thinking accentuates Bradys narrow-minded way of thinking which causes the audiences support in his direction and opens their eyes to truth. The percentage transmit where the Drummonds point is finally made is when he stumps Brady. Drummonds cross-examination of Brady causes humiliation and hysteria. Brady self-destructs when his convictions about the literal truth of the Bible are questioned and proved false due to Drummond. Drummonds ack-ack gun of Brady is not mean-spirited, it isdevastating. At the same time, the power of Drummonds attack stems not so much from Drummonds wit as from the weight of Bradys egotism, stubbornness, and arrogance. basically if Brady was not so cocky and arrogant he might have been able to prevent the case going the way it did. Although the trial in Inherit the Wind concerns the battle between creationism and evolutionism, a deeper conflict exists beneath the surface. Drummond points to this more basic issue when he asks his young witness Howard whether he believes in Darwin. When the boy responds that he hasnt made up his mind, Drummond insists that the boys freedom to thinkto make up his own mindis what is actually on trial. This point in the book is where Drummonds point becomes obvious freedom of thought becomes the freedom to be wrong or to change ones mind. plain though Cates is found guilty, Drummond wins a moral victory. He reveals his integrity when he defends freedom of thought, even for those he disagrees with. When Hornbeck criticizes Brady and Bradys fundamentalist beliefs, Drummond tells Hornbeck that . . . Brady had the same right as Cates the right to be wrong (Lawrence and Lee ) Drummonds hero archetype and his initial analysis of Brady are the cause of his success with the people of Hillsboro. At the end of the play, Drummond feels the same way and is still fighting for peoples right to be wrong (Lawrence and Lee ).

External audit on Carnival Corporation

When considering what type of environment analysis to do certain functions should be taken into consideration this is do to with the particular that different industries depart have different requirement. For example Carnival in a multinational company so it may be more(prenominal) concerned with political issues then(prenominal) local customer perceptions or the customer demographics. Johnson & Scholes (1999), David (2001) and Lynch (2000) all arrest that institutions or managers should adjust and change according to an environment analysis.Mullins (1999), Johnson & Scholes (1999) and Lynch (2000) all agree that a good starting point for an external analysis would be the PEST analysis. PEST means political, economic, socio-cultural and technological (see appendix 1). The PEST analysis is only a very(prenominal) general analysis of the external environment. This is why another audit should be used to inform and guide analysis (Johnson & Scholes, 1999 104).If a company wants t o plan for the incoming Johnson & Scholes (1999), Lynch (2000) and Mintzberg, Ahlstrand & Lampel (1998) all agree that the scenario planning is all about the long term. Johnson & Scholes (1999) and Lynch (2000) agree it is one way to help companies looking into the coming(prenominal). One thing that companies must(prenominal) understand is that scenarios are concerned with peering into the future, not predicting the future (Lynch, 2000 111)Scenario planning is about considering factors that could affect the company for example if there was a terrorist attack in the future on one of the Carnival journey liners. What steps could be taken to prevent the attack or to make sure that the customers are safe?In all industries customers are the ones that buy the product or use the assist this may be other companies or the general public. This is why analysing the customers and market partitioning is very important. It is important for organisations to understand that customers have dif ferent characteristics and needs (Johnson & Scholes, 1999 129).Lynch (2000) states that there are iii important issues that should be conceded when analysing the organisations customers. The first is to identify the organisation customers and market. The second is its segmentations and its strategic implications. The final one is the role of the customer service and quality.Porters Five Forces model (see appendix 2) is a more in-depth analysis of an organisation it focuses more on strategy so companies gouge develop opportunities and protect them self from threats. The five forces are1. The bargaining power of suppliers2. The bargaining power of buyers3. The threat of potentiality new entry4. The threat of substitutes5. The extent of competitive rivalry.(Lynch, 2000125)One of the best ways to describe Porters Five Forces Model is a high force can be regarded as a threat becauseit is likely to reduce profit. A low force, in contrast, canbe viewed as an opportunity because it may waive thecompany to earn greater profits.(Wheelen & Hunger, 1998 61)It is argued that customers are the most important part of the businessCustomers demand satisfaction and expect more.It is no longer sufficient to precisely satisfy customersThey need to be delighted, both internally andExternally.(Mullins, 1999 869)This is why customer analysis is so important to Carnival with out any customers the company would not generate any revenue. One thing that they do know it that the disposable income of young couples and families has increased over the last fifty years. What they are trying to do it tell the target market that cruising is an alternative vacation available for everyone.Carnival believes that 93 percent of North Americans have not taken a cruise at some stage. This gives then a target of almost 100 percent of North Americans that they can attract, to go on one of their cruises. This is due to the fact that they can try and attract the people that have already been on a cr uise.Carnival is the first modern Cruise Company and tries to promote its ships as fun ships. With a price that can compete with land based vacation resorts. This is why they are the leaders and innovators of the cruising industry. They know that the cruising industry have three main market segments. The first is contemporary then premium and finally luxury this is why they have entered into all three market segments.One thing that is very important to Carnival is the customer service that they provide. As well as a high level of service they want to offer a product that will attract the customers. This is why they offer a package that will allow passengers to stop at exotic ports of call as well as a premier restaurant service. What they are trying communicate is that the ship is not just a means of transport but the vacation it self and the ports of calls are bonuses for the customers. This is why they offer such entertainment as live music, dancing, night-clubs, movies as well a s a casino this is the entertainment in the evenings.Carnival wants to offer a high level of service this is why their holidays start when you bags are tagged for the ship. After that moment you would not need to displume your bags up because it would be delivered to your cabin. When on board waiter on the ship will offer you drink while they help you to find your way around. With a restaurant service that could rival any top land based restaurant in terms of variety in food and wine. With this sort of service they can keep on attracting the customers that in turn create the profits that the organisation wants.

Nursing Philosophy Essay

nursing Philosophy, Model, and Theory Discussion Question Jennifer Gauze, Kathy Hatfield, Karen Hunt, Rina Lacombe, Jillian Morrow, Stephanie Yates Theories and Models of Nursing Practice May Thirteenth, 2013 Mary McGill Nursing Philosophy, Model, and Theory Discussion Question In this paper we are going to discuss three different theorists, Dorthea Orem, Ida Orlando, and Betty Neuman. We will discuss how their theories expand our view of the nursing process and now they fit during our workday.Dorthea Orem believed that people have the innate ability for self-care (Simmons, 2009). It is our duty as nurses to encourage, and promote self-care though enduring teaching. This is critical to maximize our endurings health. We are to make sure patients can meet their basic needs by participating in their care. Simmons, L. (2009). Dorthea orems self care theory as related to nursing practice in hemodialysis. Nephrology Nursing Journal, 36(4), 419-21. Retrieved from http//search. proquest . com/docview/216533281? accountid=35812Ida Jean Orlandos theory focuses on how nurses process observations and respond based on the interactions with their patients. Orlandos theory differentiates between automatic and deliberate action (Alligood, 2010). Orlandos theory of deliberative nursing process is important in the planning stage. Planning verses automatic action is crucial to ensure the desired outcomes in implementing care for patients. Taking time to process the observations made during the nurse-patient interactionassistsin planningindividualized patient care based on the needsthat are identifiedfor that specific patient.Surrounding the core are the patients lines of defense which function to economic aid exert stability. Anything, internally or externally, can disrupt lines of defense resulting in illness, injury, or depression. As nurses, we work to repair the broken lines of defense and to strengthen and maintain existing ones while keeping the core in mind as our ma in focus. Neumans theory correlates with the nursing process. We must first assess our patients to consider broken lines of defense.We then make a plan with a goal to repair broken lines of defense and carry out our plan. Evaluation of the patient is an ongoing process. We must look at our result and determine if our interventions are effective or not. As we carry out our nursing care plan, the patients lines of defense should become stronger. ( Jillian ) Alligood, M. R. (2010). Nursing theory Utilization & application (4th ed. ). Maryland Heights, MO Mosby Elsevier. Retrieved from University of Phoenix University Library

Barriers to Receiving Help

One of the most common social issues that need to be addressed is the abuse directed against women, specific eithery of married women who fall low the status of battered wives. beat-up wives are those women who endured physical abuse by their economizes. For most of the cases, battered women suffered from verbal, emotional and physical abuse. In such a scenario, thither is a high possibility that their lives and those of their children are in danger. at that place is a need then for battered wives to ask for assistance from outside sources.However, like all other social problems facing modern society, there are immanent and impertinent barriers that interfere in the provision of effective service. Discussion Wife batter is a domestic violence prevalent in many households today. According to Schechter in his book A Framework for Understanding and Empowering Battered Women published in 1988 about one out of twenty-six American wives get beaten by their married mans e actually y ear, or a total of almost 1. 8 billion per year (p. 40 ).Although it involves only between maintains and wife in a family framework, interference from friends and relatives as well as the government social agencies is of necessity for the fair sexs life, and perhaps of his children, whitethorn be at risks. Major researches since the early 1980s had claimed that children exposed to marital violence had higher levels of psychological problems (Roberts, 172, 1996). A. Internal Barriers There are six common internal barriers that prevent battered wives from seeking help. 1.Wife blames herself for the violence There are wives who call backd that they were the cause of the violence. In other words, they think they deserved to be hit or beaten because of mostthing that they had or had not done. This is especially prevalent for women whose husbands kept on telling them that the reason they were beaten was because they did not sweet the house enough, their cooking s despatchs were terr ible, they had disobeyed him or that they were stupid for forgetting to do something that should have been done out of common sense.Oftentimes, when the abusive husbands are generally regarded as a good friend or good leader by his peers, battered wives will tend to conceive all the more that the fault is on them. These wives are haunted with guilt and find it fitting to fix the problem by themselves ( Schwartz, 2007). 2. Wifes financial and companionship dependence on husband both(prenominal) abused wives stay at home as a fulltime wife and mother which means that they and their children are totally financially dependent on their husband for economic survival.If they do decide to leave, they think they will not be able to make it (Schwartz, 2007). Aside from their financial need, some wives were led to believe by their abusive husbands that there would be no other man who will be interested to take her if she would decide to leave him. This is a very effective tactic for women wh o have poor self-esteem. They fear the prospect of facing the future alone and would therefore stay with their violent spouses. 3. Wife believed husbands promises to reformIn some cases, husbands who beat their wives will later tell their wives that they regretted what they had done and that the truth is he loved her and promised that he will reform or that it will never happen again. Women who salvage think they love their husbands would readily fall to this trap, hoping that it was the last beating or that their husbands will change in the future. This situation may go on for years especially if the cycle of violence happens between long intervals (Schwartz, 2007). 4. Wife believed her children needs their fatherWomen will sometimes not seek help from outside sources for fear this may aggravate the problem, anger her husband and would be the cause that he will leave her or that she and her children had to be advised to leave. more or less women would not want an absentee father as she may thinks that her children needs him (Schwartz, 2007). 5. Wife believed the authorities cannot help Some battered wives may not actually believe that the authorities will be able to help them but will in fact, make a public spectacle of their damage.They fear they may not be able to win the case and send their abusive husbands to jail. If such a case happens, her angry husband, who had now become more violent for disgracing his name, will still be able to harm her. 6. Fear of Husbands threats Abusive husbands successfully prevent their wives from seeking help from authorities due to threats. They usually threatens to kill their wives , run after her wherever she may go, and if she seeks help from her friends or family he will also consume them with his wrath.The threats may sound fearful and convincing if the wives knew that their husbands had some form of vicious record or that he is using drugs ( Roberts, 189, 1996). A. External Barriers Battered wives can ask for help from outside sources such as family, law and other legal authorities, therapists/psychologists, social workers, doctors as well as various community services and agencies. However, seeking outside help may not be such an inviting option for them due to the following external barriers 1. Inability of the judgeship to respond immediately to the problemSome appropriate authorities such as judges, tryout court administrators, case managers and police may minimize certain cases of domestic violence as just a form of a lovers scrap would therefore discourage supposedly battered wives to follow through with their criminal or civil complaints. They may advise the victim to settle the conflict with their spouses by themselves (Roberts, 96, 1996). The court may also be overloaded with many legal concerns, the staff may not be adequate and the judges overworked, especially in large cities, so that it failed to doly schedule a hearing and trial date.As a result, the victims get tired of waiting and went back to live with their abusive husbands. Oftentimes, when trial did arrive, women would usually recant their testimony (as husband was given the ample time to harass or manipulate her). This had actually happened to Mabely Lugo who recanted her accusations against her professional baseball player husband Julio Lugo by telling the police that he did not mean to hurt him(Parameswaran, 2007). 2. Friends does not want to interfere with the problems at homeFriends approached by the victim may feel that they do not have the right to interfere with domestic affairs and encourage the wife to make necessary changes so that her husband will not beat her up again (Roberts, 235, 1996). The wife may then get discouraged in sharing her problems to others and would eventually keep her suffering to herself. 3. No appropriate place to go to There are cases that battered women need to flee from their violent husbands but there were no safe places to go. Some areas may not have shelt er homes from which they can run for protection.And if shelter houses were in existence, there were no adequate provisions and funding that will verify their temporary stay. 6. Lack of Counselors and social workers Government agencies may not be able to provide the victims with necessary counseling and mental therapy to help them understand the situation, to help them assess their options and to help them gain the strength and stamina to stand by their decision if they do decide to leave their husbands for good or to file criminal complaints.Battered women are mostly confused, emotionally as well as psychologically traumatized and may not be able to make concrete wise decisions (Roberts, 188, 196). II. potential difference Solutions to the Problems Women who are battered should not be silent. They should remember that no one has the right to hurt and abuse them either physically, verbally or emotionally. To counteract internal barriers, the women should be educated with regards to the psychology of abuse and its consequences. Shelter homes are a very good potential solution to fighting off internal and external barriers for the victim.It must be safe (violent husband are kept out), with good provisions and adequate counseling programs. One good feature would be dogma women skills that would ready them for outside job when they eventually leave the shelter homes and support themselves. Educational programs should be funded by the government. I think the women should be kept for a certain longer period in the shelter homes( depending on the assessment of counselors ) just enough for them to gain self-esteem, skills and a new love for life management and therapy will be very helpful to restore their confidence but I think they should also keep in touch with their spiritual lives. decorous legal professionals must also be provided for free for the victims. These legal authorities should understand the gravity of wife battering for though the physical manifesta tion may be lowly, these women may be falling apart psychologically. III. Conclusion The social problem of wife battering should not be look upon as minor phenomena.In this problem, the physical violence may only be a physical manifestation of the cruelty, verbal and emotional abuses practiced at home. The children may be at risks, too. But wives do not seek help due to their own particular internal and external barriers. These barriers must be overcome by education, counseling, prompt assistance of legal and police authorities and provision of shelter homes. References 1. Parameswaran, Lakshmy. (2007). Battered Wives Often Recant or Assume Blame. Womens e invigorateds Inc. Retrieved January 14, 2008 from http//www. womensenews. org/article.cfm/dyn/aid/1468 2. Roberts, Albert R(ed. ). (1996). Helping Battered Women New Perspectives and Remedies. New York Oxford University Press. Place of Publication New York. 3. Schechter, Susan and Gary, Lisa T. (1988). A Framework for Understandi ng and Empowering Battered Women. Abuse and Victimization across the Life Span, Baltimore John Hopkins UP. 4. Schwartz, Dianne. (2007). Abusive Lies & Battered Wives. Innerself Publications.. Retrieved January 14, 2008 from http//innerself. ca/html/relationships/divorceseparation/abusive-liesbattered-wives. html

Written Words Used as Propaganda

Written Word Used as Propaganda The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave is an account of Frederick Douglass life written in a very detached and objective tone. i might find this normal for a historical account of the events of someones life if non for the fact that the narrative was written by Frederick Douglass himself. Frederick Douglass usanced this tone purposefully in an attempt to riding habit his narrative as propaganda to convince others to cooperate in the abolitionists movement.According to Donna Woolfolk Cross in Propaganda How non to be Bamboozled, propaganda is simply a means of persuasion (149). She further notes that we are subjected daily to propaganda in one form or another as advertisers, politicians, and even our friends attempt to persuade us to use their product, vote for them, or adopt their point of view. Propaganda is usually considered in a negative sense. However, when viewing propaganda as just persuasion, one can readily appreciate that it is neither good nor criminal the good/evil effect is the direct result of the purpose for which it is used.Politicians and leaders have used propaganda to further their closes Hitlers use of propaganda as a means of controlling the population of Germany is the most recognizable example of propaganda used for evil. Martin Luther forces I Have a Dream speech, in which he urges non-violent resistance in the reason of racial equality, portrays persuasion used with good intentions. Although speeches are highly effective at delivering ideas, the written account declare can be even more influential. In the early days of America, literature was used extensively as a means of persuasion.As early as 1589 Richard Hakluyt published stories in a book he wrote for the sole purpose of persuading good deal to sail to America and settle land. These stories which were told to Hakluyt by captains and sailors appeared to be straight and narrative, however Hakluyt edited each piece so that he was able to successfully persuade the people who read his stories to sail to America and settle the land thus securing critical natural resources for England. Such was the goal with the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave.Douglass objective was to appeal to the middle-class people of that time and persuade them to join in the movement. Although the Narrative was ostensibly written to prove that Douglass had actually been a slave, Douglass, diddleing for the abolitionist root headed by William Lloyd Garrison, wrote for a specific au die outnce white Puritan Christians whom the abolitionists hoped to convert to their way of thinking. Thus, what began as a telling of his life experiences evolved into a tool of persuasion. As with all propaganda, Douglass Narrative contains certain elements that appeal to the emotions of the reader.Douglass pen style was descriptive as well as convincing. This emotional hold allows the writer to sway the judgement of the reader. His horrific details of the time, helped him grasp the attention of the women who he hoped in turn would convince their husbands to help, by donating cash and eventually ending slavery. He used his words effectively in convincing the readers that the slave proclaimers were uncouth and showed how they had no feelings for other human beings as evident when he wrote The louder she screamed the harder he whipped and where the blood ran fastest, there he whipped longest (Douglass25).Although a self-taught writer and orator, Douglass makes use of sophisticated elements of weighty makeup. Simultaneously, he chooses these events for how they will affect the northern audiences opinion of Southern slaveholders. Considering the fact that this was written during the height of the abolition movement the raw had to be effective in order to advance the success of the movement.The distant tone was effective because if Douglass had written with an impassioned tone, re aders would have noticed it and simply wrote it off as a dark work, unable to apprehend the issue from both sides. Through personal narrations, Douglass draws an accurate picture of slave life. Douglass also shows that slavery was not a constant source of pain and suffering I was not old enough to work in the fields, and there being little else than field work to do, I had a great deal of leisure time, (Douglass 71).This is effective in proving his point because it allows him to show the whole of slavery and not be biased in his views. Douglass uses family relationships, starting with his own birth, to gain the compassion of his target audience. Frequently, before the pip-squeak has reached its twelfth month, its render is taken from it, and hired out on some farm a considerable distance off, and the child is placed under the care of an old woman, too old for field labor (749).Douglass mentions this particular anecdote to specifically capture the compassion of his targeted audi ence white women. In Douglass autobiography however, the elements alone do not prove his intent to write for any reason other than to prove his background as a slave and defend his credibility against the critics of the abolitionists that charge that Douglass could never have been born a slave as he claimed (McKivigan 18). The most convincing argument for the contention that this was written as propaganda is the manner in which the persuasive elements are used.The body of the narrative is written in a simple and straightforward manner the allegory is told quite matter-of-factly, even the horrific scenes of the cruel beatings and killings of slaves. This lack of histrionics is true even when the targets of the overseers whips are Douglass own family members. Yet, when Douglass speaks of Southern Christianity defending slavery, he works himself into a fury of emotion and uses the more obvious elements of propaganda. When he writes of the religious practices and hypocrisy of the same slaveholders, he again reverts to persuasive rhetoric.Some chapters are genuine throughout, spell others contain much propaganda. One segment in particular, that having to do with the fate of his grandmother, is written in a style that is not consistent with the rest of the book. Rather, extremely histrionic, in which the believable, factual Douglass disappears, and is replaced by someone writing solely for effect My dear old grandmother, whom you turned out like an old horse to die in the woods-is she still alive?.. Send me my grandmother (Preston 167).It appears that Frederick Douglass did begin his autobiography with the intention of writing his tarradiddle in a realistic manner the basic narrative bears that out. But in the course of writing his intent strayed, and he became aware of the power that could be unleashed by inflaming the emotions of readers. Undoubtedly encouraged in his use persuasive rhetoric on an oratory level, he eventually created a masterpiece of propaganda . plant life Cited Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. New York Signet, 1968. Douglass, Frederick. A Slaves Family Life. Thinking and Writing About Literature. A textbook and Anthology. Ed. Michael Meyer. New York Bedford/St. Martins, 2001. 749. Cross, Donna Woolfolk. Propaganda How not to be Bamboozled. Language Awareness. Ed. Paul Escholz, et al. New York St Martins Press, 1994. 149. McKivigan, John R. , ed. Frederick Douglass. People Who Made History. sugar Greenhaven Press/Thomas Gale, 2004. Preston, Dickson J. Young Fredrick Douglass The Maryland Years. Baltimore The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980.

Math Internal Assessment Gold Medal Heights

florid Medal Heights The line of longitudes achieved by gold medalists in the high bound off have been preserve starting from the 1932 exceedings to the 1980 Olympics. The table below shows the class in row 1 and the Height in centimeters in row 2 category 1932 1936 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 Height (cm) 197 203 198 204 212 216 218 224 223 225 236 They were recorded to show a pattern year afterwards year and to reveal a trend. The selective information chart below plots the height on the y-axis and the year on the x-axis. Data graph 1 Height (cm) Height (cm) division familyIn Data interpret 1 the selective information shown represents the height in cm achieved by gold medalists in accordance to the year in which the Olympic games were held. The interpret shows a gradual increase in height as the years increase. The parameters shown in this be the heights, which can be measu ablaze(p) during each year to show the rise. The constraints of this task be finding a live to fit the data plosive consonant shown in Data represent 1. Some other constraints would be that there arent any outliers in the graph and it has been a pretty steady air travelar rise. The fictional character of take to the woods that models the behavior of the business office is linear.This type of function models it because the points resemble a line rather than a curve. To represent the points plot in Data Graph 1 a function is created. To start deciphering a function I started with the equation Y = mx + b To show the slope of the line since the function is linear. For the first point the function would have to satisfy 197 = m (1932) + b In order for the line to be steep the b cling to or y intercept will have to be low to give it a more than upward positive slope. Y = mx -railyard 197 = m (1932) -railyard 1197 = m (1932) m = 0. 619The final linear equation to satisfy some points would be y = 0. 62x 1000 The graph below shoes the model linear functio n and the original data points to show their relationship. Graph 2 Year Year Height (cm) Height (cm) The graph above shows the linear function y = 0. 62x 1000 in relation to the data points plan on Data Graph 1. The differences between the function and the points plot is that the function does not full satisfy all the x and y values. The outliers in this case are from the years 1948, 1952, and 1980 which all of y values that do not meet the function closely.Using regression the adjacent function and graph is found. The function and line found using regression matches the one found by me. The linear function does not cross all points but shows the gradual shape in which the points plotted make. Another function that is used is a quadratic polynomial function Quadratic functions are set up as Y = px2 + tx +b To make this function resemble the points plotted on the Graph 1 the p value will have to be very small to widen the shape of the quadratic The b value also has to be small to resemble the y intercept and to give the graph a more upward slopeI used the function Y = 0. 00005122 + 0. 5171x 1010 In order for this function to work it must satisfy the point of (1964, 218) Y = 0. 0000512 (1964)2 + 0. 5171 (1964) 1010 Y = 0. 0000512 (3857296) + 1015. 58 1010 Y = 197. 49 + 1015. 58 1010 Y = 218 This graph of the function y = 0. 00005122 +0. 5171x 1010 is shown in the following Graph 3 as it is against the points plotted in Data Graph 1 Graph 3 Height (cm) Height (cm) Year Year It is shown in Graph 3 that the quadratic function does resemble the shape of the line plotted by the points in Data Graph 1.In Graph 4 both functions are shown against the original data points plotted in Data Graph 1. Graph 4 Height (cm) Height (cm) Year Year Had the games been held in 1940 and 1944 the winning heights would be estimated as Y = 0. 62(1940) 1000 Y = 1202. 8 1000 Y = 202. 8 When the x value of 1940 is plugged into the linear equation y = 0. 62x 1000 the y value, or winning height in the year 1940, would be 202. 8. Y = 0. 0000512(1940)2 + 0. 5171(1940) 1010 Y = 0. 0000512(3763600) + 1003. 17 1010 Y = 192. 69 + 1003. 17 1010 Y = 185. 86 When the x value 1940 is plugged into the quadratic equation y = 0. 0005122 + 0. 5171x 1010 the y value, or winning height for 1940, is 185. 86. In order to make a more accurate estimate for the winning height in 1940 the average of both terms, 202. 8 and 185. 86, are taken. 202. 8 + 185. 86 / 2 = 194. 33 The estimated winning height in 1940 would be 194. 33 For the estimated winning height in 1944 Y = 0. 62(1944) 1000 Y = 1205. 28 1000 Y = 205. 28 When the x value of 1944 is plugged into the linear equation 0. 62x 1000 the y value, or winning height in 1944, is 205. 8. Y = 0. 0000512(1944)2 + 0. 5171(1944) 1010Y = 0. 0000512(3779136) + 1005. 24 1010 Y = 193. 49 + 1005. 24 1010 Y = 188. 73 When the x value of 1944 is plugged into the quadratic equation of 0. 00005122 + 0. 5171x + 1010 the y value, or wi nning height in 1944, is 188. 73. To have a more accurate estimate of the winning height the average of the two y values of two functions is taken. 188. 73 + 205. 28 / 2 = 197. 01 The winning height for the 1944 Olympics would be estimated at 197. 01 Graph 5 Year Year Height (cm) Height (cm) Graph 5 shows all the data from the 1896 Olympics to the 2008 Olympics.The red line is the quadratic function f(x) = 0. 00005122 + 0. 5171x 1010 and the blue line represents the linear function f(x) = 0. 62x -1000. The function models that are represented in Graph 5 do not fully resemble the points plotted from the gold medal high jump heights but have an overall shape of the rise in height from year to year. Graph 6 Height (cm) Height (cm) Year Year The graph above shows all data point plotted on a graph. The overall trend or shape resemble that of a cubic. Graph 7 The shape of the cubic resembles more of the shape shown in the data points plotted on Graph 6.The modifications that need to be m ade on my models are that the quadratic function needs to have a more curve to it than just a straight line. To do that I need to change the variables a, b, and c in the equation f(x) = ax2 + bx + c f(x) = 0. 00005122 + 0. 5171x -1010 Graph 8 Height (cm) Height (cm) Year Year In a zoomed out view the graph shows the overall shape of the quadratic shape of the red line and how it goes through the black data points and how the linear equation is completely straight. IB Mathematics SL Year 2 Internal Assessment Gold Medal Heights Date Due February 11, 2013

“I, Too Sing America” by Langston Hughes Essay

Poem I, withal Sing the States is considered to be very distinction for radical poetry of Langston Hughes. The majority of literary critiques and historians refer to Hughes as one(a) of the first Ameri apprise poets, who mark the standards and examples how to ch onlyenge the post-World War I ethnic realmalism. His poetry contri stilled and shaped to some extent the politics of the Harlem Renaissance. In analysis of Black poetry Charles S. Johnson wrote that the new racial poetry of the Negro is the way of something more than experimentation in a new technique it marks the birth of a new racial awareness and self-conception. It is first of all a frank acceptance of race, but the recognition of this difference without the usual implications of variety (145). Being acquainted with many Hughess works, for instance Our Land, The Negro Speaks of Rivers, and of course I, Too Sing the States, Johnson affirm that poet had a strong sense of race pride and characterized Hughess poetr y to be without doubt the finest expression of this new Negro Poetry (145).Some literary critiques refer to Hughess poem I Too Sing America as radical poetry. However, if in this poem Hughes chose to sacrifice nontextual matteristry for politics, it was not because the dickens are mutually exclusive. The main reason for such Hughess technique is that the blues aesthetic of his archaeozoic poems embraced a form of nationalism he could no longitudinal abide (147). Hughes himself concludes that the chief responsibility of the inexorable writer was to produce a racial literature drawn from African American life and culture. We junior Negro artists who create, Hughes wrote, now intend to express our individual dark-skinned selves without fear or shame (309).Onwuchekwa Jemie, who determine Hughes as a black nationalist, notes that Hughess insistence on a distinct black art is a recognition of the fact that Afro-Americans are a distinct people within the American nation (103). The refore, I, Too creates a feeling of an individual versus a large group enhancing the loneliness felt. The poem recognizes an true inequality African Americans felt during a time period of racial discrimination. Hughes recognizes that although different in color, all people living in America were Americans and deserved to be treated not just equally, but with dignity and honor. Therefore, he poetically forecasts the trends America experienced in 1960s when the equal status of blacks was nominal.Hughes is not known for using lots of symbolism. His poetry is generally straight forward and to the point. There is not lots hidden meaning in his poetry either. What little symbolism he does use is very deep. It can be interpreted in a many number of ways. I Too Sing America has psychological and cultural references such as intergroup stereotyping, communication, cooperation, and conflict. Moreover, it sounds like a slogan, appeal to immediate action. Therefore he hides his radicalism in ve ry title of the poem, which is not a poem at a closer mien but a song. It is very crucial to perceive I Too Sing America as a song, emotional, radical, political, but still focused on black aesthetics.The poem is about the hope of one day being equal it is expressed in each stanza at least once.I prankAnd eat wellAnd gain strong.These lines represent hope along with determination. It also gives us insight to the movement that Hughes uses in all his poetry. He uses humor in most of his writing to convey his message. What the laugh represents is his thoughts of the future. I laugh They leave behind laugh, and will be happy. Moreover, laugh means that hell be able to project back.Eating is another interesting symbol. Most probably it represents learning and companionship. Without knowledge one cannot further themselves in life or make themselves better. Eating well means to learn well and retain the knowledge. developing strong represents the retaining of the knowledge. Not onl y does this mean to grow strong with knowledge but for the voices of equality to grow stronger. The biggest use of symbolism is the last line I, too, am America. In Walt Whitmans poem I experience America singing the American people are just the working class, Anglo Saxons. The line I, too,am America shouts out that someone was forgotten, an poetic echo of many years of oppression and discrimination. Whom are you are expiration to oppress. Hughess answer is yourself. People oppressed themselves yesterday, are oppressing today, but will not tomorrow. Tomorrow will come and no one will be neglected.The psychological and cultural references are not as blatantly placed as the symbolism. The darker brother represents the black man trough a metaphor. In ships political party darkness is used to symbolize evil. Poet employs such a term not accidentally. Placing dark, Hughes emphasizes term black. Eating in the kitchen represents repression. Most Kitchens are hidden much like the suffe ring of African Americans. They were hidden from the company the company can be interpreted as a metaphor for foreign countries, or people in general. Most American people were blind to the horror and brutality of slavery. Slavery was also psychological, that is why the knowledge is important. Before one can rise up, one must first discover what it is they are locomote up against.TomorrowIll be at the tableWhen company comesNobodyll dare swear to me,Eat in the kitchen,Then.Above lines show that dark brothers make believe learned and will no longer be held down. It also shows the strength of their voices that no one will challenge any longer. It describes the future and the prehistoric using the kitchen as theworld. The best realization is made at the end of the poemBesides,Theyll see how pleasing I amAnd be ashamed.Poet employs contrast technique to put a parallel between tremendous black today and beautiful dark brother of tomorrow, making a transparent window finished past t o future. Captive Negro waits for tomorrow beauty and finally he will be rewarded for his exertion and sufferings. In these last words, as many analysts believe, Hughes makes an emphasis on black culture, its terrific features and diversity. Rampersad writes, through the disclose of black sensitivity, intelligence, and artistic versatility, it was believed, whites would come to a new understanding of the humanity of African Americans and help to speed social change (16). If anything were going to convince a white America of the humanity and equality of blacks, it would have to be culture, that realm where human beings differentiate themselves from the savage and aspire to the divine.BibliographyJohnson, Charles S. Jazz and Blues. Critical Essays on Langston Hughes. Ed. Edward J. Mullen. capital of Massachusetts Hall, 1986.Onwuchekwa, Jemie. Hughess Black Esthetic. Critical Essays on Langston Hughes. Ed. Edward J. Mullen. Boston Hall, 1986.Rampersad, Arnold. Introduction. The New Negro. Ed. Alain Locke. New York Atheneum 1992.Hughes L. Good forenoon Revolution Uncollected Writings of Langston Hughes. Ed. Faith Berry. New York Carol Publishing Group, 1992. 159-61.

Notes – Belonging

English Related texts school text 1 Text 2 My Big Fat Greek Wedding Text 3 Text 1 What does it beam about belong? The image conveys the concept of non belong. It conveys the whim that a sense of non belonging move cause feelings of frustration and confusion. The image also communicates the message that being different physically from what is original as the stereotyped norm screwing influence whether or not one belongs. It conveys the idea that a certain image is valued in our society and that everybody who does not fall into the stereotyped image is or can be socially rejected. Techniques Salient image the salient image is the three tall and slenderise women that appear to be rejecting the lady that is slightly shorter. The fact that the taller women are the dominating aspect of the image reinforces the idea that these types of women are valued with in our society. o Colour the dominating women are wearing the colour rubor while the lady that is being rejected is dressed i n the colour green. The colour bolshy is represents beauty, magnate and passion. The fact that the colour red is worn by the dominating women reinforces the idea that these women are valued in our society.The cleaning woman that is being socially rejected is wearing the colour green which usually is a symbolization of nature. The green implies that she is naturally beautiful. The image however conveys that her natural and inner beauty is rejected and she is opineed down upon as her exterior image does not resemble that that is valued and accepted. o symbolic representation the three dominating woman are looking up, with their noses lifted up in the air. This is usually a symbol of superiority. They believe themselves to much significant than the other lady whom they are rejecting.This conveys that they perceive her as worthless, insignificant and inferior. It intelligiblyly emphasises the idea they do not accept her. o Text the written text Damn Should have worn red highlig hts the idea that not belonging causes feeling of frustration and confusion. It shows the viewer that she does not comprehend the reason for her rejection as she does not perceive her self as any different. It conveys that she believes that if she had worn red she would have been accepted into the group. Text 2 What does it convey about belonging?This text conveys that one leave forever and a day feel a sense of belonging to family and culture to some extent regardless of the circumstances because family and culture shape your individuation and are always with you were ever you go. It illustrates the idea that family, culture and beliefs all shape ones identity. It also conveys that sometimes, in pasture for one to belong within a certain group, they must make change to them selves in direct to meet the expectations of the other group. Scenes 1. Opening/ introductory dead reckoning 2.Tula meets Ians family 3. Ians family meets Tulas family 4. The wedding Lords Supper. o Scene one In this scene, we are introduced to Tula, the protagonist of the movie with her father Gus. From the opening line of the movie, it is clear to us that she has not fulfilled the expectations of her family and specifically her father. You better get married soon, you look so elder her father tells her. The atmosphere represents the mood of Tula. It is raining heavily and dark outface, suggesting that she is discontent with her breeding.The techniques of flash back and sound over allow us to view Tula in her childhood. These collaboratively convey that as a child Tula was not accepted with her peers as she she knew she was different from the other girls. Her culture and significant different appearance was a barrier to her belonging with the other girls at school. Tulas unacceptance had a profound impact on her as we can clearly key out that she was envious of the other girls through I so badly wanted to be like the popular girls.The quotes way past my expiration date and I h ave no life emphasise the idea that Tula is not content with her life and suggest that she has no aspirations for the future. o Scene two In this scene Tula is introduced to her boyfriends parents. Her boyfriend Ian is a non Greek that her family disproves of. Previous to this Ian showed Tula that he accepts her in spite of their cultural differences through whats there to work out? Were not from different species.This conveys that he perceives them as equal and does not discriminate against her due to her culture and family. In the scene where Tula meets Ians family we see the cultural difference is a major barrier to belonging. The awkwardness in this scene and the silence from both parties indicates that their cultural differences restrict them as it causes a lack of communication and understanding. They are unable to empathise with individually other. The lighting is dim which further highlights the awkwardness and Tulas discomfort. Scene three in this scene, the difference in the midst of the two families is clearly illustrated. The close up of Ians parents when they first arrive at Tulas put forward clearly conveys their dismay, confusion and disturbance. This is due to the clash in their lifestyle and also because they were expecting a quiet dinner to meet her parents and instead find the whole family roasting meat on a spit in the front yard. The silence from Ians parents when Gus introduces his family conveys that they are speechless and further emphasises their shock.Repetitive close-ups of Ians family furthermore convey their shock and inability to comprehend some of the Greeks actions. At the end of this scene, we see Gus Portokalos perception of Ians family and his belief that it will not work between him and his daughter due to the clash in lifestyle as his parents they look at them like their from the zoo despite their kind actions towards them. o Scene four It is during the wedding ceremony that the Miller family and Portokalos family i n conclusion accept each other.During this scene we see that Ians family are finally enjoying them selves as they no longer have a confused and surprised expression on their face. They have finally reached an understanding and came to the ultimate realisation that despite their cultural differences they are still the same and that Ian and Tula should be together. It is in this scene that we see that everyone belongs as they have bonded due to the love of Ian and Toula. The mid shot of Ians make after Gus speech allows us to see her expression and reaction to the speech.We see that she has found humour in his speech and agrees that despite their differences they are still the same. Ians father tells Toula that it is just a really clarified wedding which contrasts with his reaction to when he first saw the reception. The voice over of Toula at the end of this scene my family is big and loud. but theyre my family and where ever I go, what ever I go they will always be there conveys t hat she herself has finally come to accept her family, culture and traditions and she finally feels a sense of belonging towards them.Text 3 What does it convey about belonging? This image conveys the struggle for some to belong. It conveys that sometimes difference can cause unacceptance into some groups which ultimately leads to not belonging. Techniques o Symbolism The yellow duckling is the outsider. It is different to the others and thus does not belong. It is literally looking up at the other duckling suggesting that it figuratively looks up to them, envies them and admires them. It shows us they the little yellow duckling is struggling to fit in. Irony the fact that the yellow ducking is not fitting in with the inglorious duckling is ironic because it is usually the yellow ducklings that are the dominant group and the black one is classified as the ugly duckling. This reinforces the idea that being different will cause not belonging with another group. o Colour The colour g reen on the other end of the ledge that that the black ducklings are base on balls on symbolises another side where it is better as the saying goes the grass is greener on the other side. On the other hand, the yellow duckling is stuck on the grey side and is struggling to move up.This conveys that while the dominant group will progress and move forward with their lives the yellow duckling will continuously struggle and be stuck. This conveys that not belonging can affect an individual in a veto way. o Symbolism the dominant group is above the rejected duckling which symbolises that they are superior and more significant while she is downstairs them. The fact that she is below them conveys inferiority further reinforces the idea that not belonging can have negative effects on an individual.

I have no idea Essay

1.Is it ethical to sell a product that is, at lift out, only mildly effective? Discuss. Product? Discuss. autonomic nervous system Selling a product that at its best mildly works is ethical because the product does work. The issue that persons be having is that it varies in effectiveness per person.2.Is it ethical to put to work cultural norms and values to promote a product? Discuss. ANS I believe that is it perfectly good to exploit culturally values norms. Marketers depend on cultural values and norms to market products. It is through the intellect of the markets coating and values that companies better understand the customers needs.3.Is the advertising of comme il faut & Lovely demeaning to women, or is it promoting the integrity cream in a way non too dissimilar from how most cosmetics are promoted? ANS seemly and lovely has taken advantage f the position that cosmetic companies promote. Cosmetic companies promote that women are imperfect and perfection chiffonier be achieved through their products. fair and lovely has epitomized this through their campaigns4.Will HLLs Fair & Lovely Foundation be enough to counter charges made by AIDWA? Discuss. ANS The product exempt has acceptance in the Indian market so it may be that the foundation has been effective. The foundation similarly does a great job in countering the believe that the product demeans women by empowering them.5.In light of AIDWAs charges, how would you educe Fair & Lovely promote its product? Discuss. Would your response be different if Fairever stayd to use rightfulness as a theme of its promotion? Discuss. ANS In light of AIDWAs response I recommend that Fair & Lovely promote the product without using fairness as the theme. If they do continue to use fairness as a campaign they should alter the perception of fairness as not being light skinned but representing nuanced and healthy skin.6.Propose a promotion/marketing chopine that will counter all the arguments and charges ag ainst Fair & Lovely and be an effective program. ANS I drive that a simple change in the promotion from advocating for fairer skin towards healthier toned skin can relieve the pressure being faced by the company.How can they go about this campaign? Fair and Lovely should launch a campaign promoting that beauty is not only fair but glum also. This campaign should headline women of varying skin tone, shapes and sizes using the product not to change their skin tone but enhancing their own skin tone.7.Now that a male market for fairness cream exists, is the strength of AIDWAs argument break-danceed? ANS Male market for fairness cream does in essence weaken the argument that fairness cream is demeaning to women. However it can strengthen the argument that the company has utter its grip on exploiting cultural norm and values by advocating for universal fairness of both males and females.8.Comment on using Shakti Ammas to introduce fairness cream for the masses in light of AIDWAs charge s. ANS Fair and Lovely is responding to the demand of the market. In spite of the claims of AIDWA the market is still demanding the product. AIDWA may need to to attack the culture vs. attacking the company.9. Listen to In India, Skin-Whitening

Short Story Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Short Story - Essay usageThe journey represents a necessary testing of his faith, but the fear expressed by his wife confidence indicates there is a hidden peril in undertaking such a journey. Her warning, may you aline all well when you come back (293), seems to indicate the peril does not apply strictly to Goodman browned as he sets off on his journey, but for religion as well as she is go a guidance behind in the darkness. In this solitary journey, Hawthorne indicates that the doctrine of purpose abundanty seeking challenges to a faith already weakened by church dictates is a highly dangerous proposition with the capability of leading numerous men and women to their dooms rather than their salvation.This concept that the experience is leading to doom rather than salvation is defined much as the story progresses and Goodman Brown goes deeper into the darkness of the forest. The people that Young Goodman Brown sees and hears as he makes his way to the heart of the forest pro ves to him that the human soul is beyond redemption, regardless of their good works performed in the glitter of day, such as a female figure on the path, in whom Goodman Brown recognized a very pious and exemplary dame, who had taught him his catechism in youth, and was still his moral and spiritual adviser, jointly with the minister and deacon Gookin (295). It is witnessing of the meeting between the woman and his companion who is presented as the devil, that first opens Young Goodman Browns eyeball to the idea that the people he has considered so good in his lifetime are as full of sin and corruption as anyone.Throughout his journey, he loses some heart, but determines to hold fast to his credit and return home. However, when he hears the voices of the villagers in a passing cloud, along with the sound of his own Faith being carried along with them, he gives in altogether and determines to find out what lies at the end of the path. Crying my Faith is gone,

International Law and Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

International truth and Development - Essay ExampleCompliance with incompatible terrorism measures has affected the ability of improver organisations to abide tending based on the principles of neutrality and impartiali...ty. Law and development is a topic that concerns the potential of lawfulness as an instrument of social change in developing countries. The key objective of this assignment is to tax the impact of public international law in an era which has been affected by changes in policies collectible to anti-terrorism laws and their affects on development assistance in developing countries. The key problem in this respect is that counter terrorism legislation and other policies have directly affected levels of development assistance, as many donors atomic number 18 now afr economic aid of the consequences of indirectly funding designated entities or individuals. What is Development Aid Assistance? Development assistance can be separated into two sectors private and p ublic. Private aid is concerned with financial aid given by governments and other agencies to support the economic, environmental, social and political development of developing countries. It is distinguished from humanitarian aid (public aid) which focuses on long-term poverty alleviation. This assistance ensures that the country can develop instead of slue back into conflict. Some examples include the reconstruction of property and infrastructure, the return of displaced security, governance, transport of food and supplies, and the rebuilding of the economy. The sire of development assistance is to help developing countries tend on their own and ensure that they can function independently after aid is extended to them. Public aid deals with humanitarian aid and its general pose is to help people in third world countries, particularly the most