'History of Rock n Roll\r'

' risque notes- Blue melodies are full of slightly adapted tendes. Lowered third and lowered seventh 10. Standard poesy phase (ABA)- a harmonyal structure that typically consists of deuce musical parts (A and B) played in cardinal sections. Each section is normally 8 bank notes long. 11 . â€Å"Smooch” melodic line voice- lay singer for the easy listening, slow bounce love phone calls 12. 12- ward off discolour attainment- so called beca work separately verse Is twelve prohibitions long. No matter what the tempo of the song, there Is a primary beat that Is counted in groups of tetrad, with four beats to from each one part.Ar regularized Into three groups of four measures. 13. joggleabilly Polymaths-The combination of cardinal contrasting chant care beats concurrently. There are ii main types of polymaths: oscillations that carry â€Å"over the bar” and meters that exist â€Å"within the bar. ” 14. Slide guitar- The confines sheer is in reference to the slip motion of the curve against the string section, while bottleneck refers to the original material of choice for such(prenominal) slides, which were the necks of glass bottles. 15. Station (Ref) †Repeated mellisonant figures on the low string section 16.Grist (Jail)- African thespians who correspond closely closely to the color singers; hailstorm/musicians room northwest Africa. W. C. Handy 17. repeat stops-is the act of compete two notes simultaneously on a melodic percussion section factor (like a marimba) or stringed instrument (for example, a violin or a guitar). 18. Bent notes- to slightly alter the save of a note by pilling on a string, raising or baleful the voice, or tightening or repose the embouchure, or mouth position, on a horn. (Often considered a glowering note) 19.Barbershops cycle per second- The surface rhythm of a guitar accompaniment subdivides the basic pulse rate into a triple pattern, resulting in a gamy, uneven rhythm. 20. Two-beat low voice- inscrutableist plays the root of the play on the firstborn beat of a 4/4 measure and the fifth of the reconcile on the third beat of a measure. Heavy emphasis on beats 1 & 3. 21 . Tonic- the main or central gear up off major(ip) key. Tonic also refers to the fit in that Is build on the first pitch of a scale and Is therefore the mall or central harmonize, or home chord of a major or modest scale. 22. governing- The is heavily punctuate 24. Backseat- 2 & 4 beats are heavily accented 25. Subdivision- the fourth pitch of a major or minor scale. Also refers to the chord that is built on the fourth pitch of a scale. 26. Work song- a break up of music closely affiliated to a specialised form of represent, either birdsong while conducting a task ( frequently to align timing) or a song link up to a task or trade in which might be a connected narrative, description, or protest song. 27. Strophic song form- a song form in which each verse of the text is sung to the akin music.The music for each verse girdle the like, and only the lyrics change. 28. String knell- Earliest expanse groups; consist of lead birdcallist, approve up vocalists, fiddles, acoustic guitars, banjo, and acoustic bass part (sometimes mandolin). 29. Turnaround-Very practically on the lastly measure of the throwback (measure 12), the dominant chord is played to gravel up the return of the tonic chord at the beginning of the next verse. 30. Fill- The last two measures of each sung landmark are an improvised instrumental passage, an instrumental response to the sung call.Know who the following masses are and with which stimulate or color artists or paths they are associated: 1. Charley Patton- male parent of the Delta blue 2. Cosmic Mahatmas- Owner, recording engineer, J & M Studios 3. Jerry Libber & Mike St cockleer- are among the most influential American songwriters and music producers in post-World War II s tartle music. . Alan Freed- know also as â€Å"Monody”, was an American disc-jockey who became internationally kn feature for promoting Afro-American rhythm and megrims music on the radio in the United States and europium under the name of pit and roll. . Phil & Leonard Chess- was a record company executive and the fall in of Chess Records 6. Big Mama Thornton- was an American rhythm and megrims singer and songwriter. She was the first to record the hit song â€Å" give chase Dog” in 1952. 7. Sam Philips- afford of Sun Studios in Memphis, TN 8. Scotty Moore- Lead guitar player in Elvis knell 9. Cool. Tom Parker- Elvis motorcoach 10. Eddie Cochran- was an American rock and roll musician and an important act upon on popular music during the modern oral fissure, early sass. 11.Dave Bartholomew†operative & Repertoire (A & R) exclaim player, arranger, manager, band draw (â€Å"Mint that a shame” co wrote with Fats Domino) 12. Carl Per kins- Popular performer with Memphis rock and roll. personal manner includes: 1 . Anticipated chord 2. pitchle picking 3. Dampens Strings 4. champion and take over bends 5. Syncopated rhythms The colour tender and response accomplishment technique from work songs. (Eased the drudgery of work) Deciding melody from orbital cavity hollers spend of blue notes: lowered 3rd and 7th scale degrees Simple agreeable progression ( l, ‘V, V) from church hymns, folk songs.Strophic numbers flesh: Series of verses, essentially comparable tone; lyrics change clownish and western sandwich ( Confederate state and Southwestern realm swing) Southern province: General Characteristics Simple Melodies (narrow range uncomplicated surface rhythms) Simple charitable structures Simple rhythms , clear meters Use of two †beat bass Little prof using up instrumental improvisation Vocalists often bear a nasal quality, slide from pitch to pitch, enforce widening technique Texts ofte n about unrequited love Lilted lovers) blue rebukes + inelegant = Southern Country call Jimmie Rogers (1867-1933) †sometimes called father of country music Blue Yodel (recur. 927) †Tea for Texas Hank Williams (1923- 1953) draw it On Over (recur. 1949) The Carter Family Southwestern Country expend Mixes elements of southern country with bouffant band swing. Originated in the Texas string bands, late sasss -early sasss To country swing band added: Drums pianissimo Steel Guitar (often) Horn Section Performed same repertoire as country band, simply also included popular Jazz, pop and blues songs. Players encouraged to improvise Influenced mainstream country with use of drums, piano, electric instruments Bob Willis (1905 †1975) Swing Blues (recur. 936) Boogie Woozier Woozier was popular with dance bands & their audiences Also known as â€Å" love life ton” from the type of bar in which the style originated. perhaps from Madding word source †to be at a drum Possibly from English slang bogy †at first meaning dark apparitions. later used to describe blacks in a derogatory fashion. Characteristics: Eight profligate pulses per measure (8 to the bar) Uses the barbershops rhythm (bounced) Improvised right perish part Steady pattern (station †riff in left handUses 12 †bar blues progression Made Lewis bike and Blues General Characteristics Blue elements: Strophic song form ABA blues text form songful style (descending melody, blue notes) 12-bar blues progression Boogie Woozier elements: station bass line 8-pulse rhythm ( manner of walking rhythm… Constant) barbershops rhythm Big band swing elements: performance style instrumentationâ€piano, guitar, bass, drums (rhythm section), horns, Be vigilant to recognize artists discussed in class who are representative of these styles. Be familiar with the specific style reputationistics of: coarse Texas blues â€Single-note bass string runs Repatriated chords (chord that is spread) Repeated melodic, rhythmic figures (riffs) on bass strings Alternate playing on bass and treble strings (Alternate high and low) Single †String descent Fills Blind Lemon Jefferson (c. 1883-1929) Heart snipe; found frozen the next twenty-four hours in his Cadillac. Field Holler genius Rural Mississippi delta blues- Frequent glide from note to note Play slide guitar Wailing style of apprisal (forlorn) elegant Melodic Range (low -up a particular †consequently back down) Intricate Polymaths tripping Choral fills (rather than melodic) Percussive playing styleCharley Patton : Father of the Delta Blues Robert Johnson (c. 1911-1938) Cross Road Blues (recur. 1936) †Song Echoes his â€Å"selling his soul to the devil” Died from complications of pneumonia from whiskey laced with strychnine) Part of the â€Å"27 Club” Texas Urban Blues difficulter do work on other blues, Jazz then on rock Generally use horns in back †up band s axophoneophone often the soloing instrument Strong Piano basis (rather than guitar) Aaron â€Å"T-bone” walker (1910-1975) betoken it Stormy Monday Blues (recur. 1947) Huge influence on rock guitarists Urban kale blues- Derived from Mississippi Delta Blues Use of slide guitarFrequent slides between notes Frequent use of curing notes Frequent use of double †stop strings Intricate rhythm patterns, polymaths Single string fills (esp… B. B. King) Muddy (grandmother gave him this) Waters (from his Job) (1915-1984) McKinley Northfield float Wind Blow (recur. 1950) Harmonica (unique well(p)) B. B King Northern band rock ‘n roll (Bill Haley) Style Characteristics: A steady, mechanic meter luxuriant tempos Staccato guitar chords on the back beat (2 and 4) A slapped, walking bass line †(clicking) A boogie-woogie woozier station (often, not always) Bill Haley and The Comets Shake, Rattle, and RollCombines horse opera String Band (lead & compass vocals, acoustic rhythm guitar, electric lead guitar, blade guitar) with rhythm and blues (bass, drums, piano, tenor saxophone) bleak Orleans dance rock- An overall bass foundation Boogie Woozier Barbershops rhythm (bounce feel) The basic beat is often subdivided into 3 quick pulses (triplet feel) cycles and meters are looser than the stiff, mechanical meters of Bill Haley and the Memphis Country style. Surface rhythms vary from a lively, bouncy beat to a slow, intense unify beat. Lead vocalists featured prominently rarely any background singingRhythm & Blues band: lead vocal, piano, acoustic bass, drums, guitar, tenor saxophone Cosmic Mates †Owner, recording engineer, J & M Studios Dave Bartholomew †Artist & Repertoire (A & R) Trumpet player, arranger, manager, band leader Antoine â€Å"Fats” Domino cordially Creole accent 2 turn over boogie woozier style pee song structures â€Å"Fat Man” â€Å"Blue cull Hill” Standard Song Form Little Richard Penman â€Å"Fire and brimstone” singing style Gospel oriented, influenced Frenetic, canty acting style Tenor Sax Solo about 2/3 into song Memphis country rock Rhythm & Blues Elements: Emphasis on back beat 2 bar blues format Country and Western Elements: instrumentation (string bands) Strict rhythms Nasal singing style Pronunciation (accent) Overall treble †dominate sound (twangs) Instrumentation: Lead galvanic guitar Acoustic rhythm guitar Acoustic bass (slap bass 2 beat (Beats 1 & 3)) Drums, Piano (After c. 1956) Generally no keep singers Lead Guitar Style: Bright, tinny character Corresponds with nasal voice Primarily country style picking (finger postsecondary on delta blues style (slide) Vocal Characteristics: Stuttering, yelps, cracked high-pitched Sometimes slur words unneurotic Nasal singing otherwise characteristics: Generally fast tempos Propelled by slapped bass Looser sense of rhythm than sensitive Orleans Dance Recorded wit h innate(p) studio echo Developed mainly at Sun Studios, Memphis, TN (Sam Phillips) Carl Perkins-guitar style- Anticipated Chords experience Picking Dampens Strings Single and replicate Bends Syncopated Rhythms Elvis Presleyâ€vocal style and influences Vocal Styles influences: Country: Clear pronunciation Southern accent wizard of melodic phrasing Hiccup, stutter (from yodel) Rural Blues Vocal Delivery (groups, blue notes) White Gospel Clear, four part harmonies Black Gospel Exuberant performing styles (shouting… Etc) Pop Low tones, vibrato wampum rock ‘n roll Time: Generally Fast Tempos Hard-driving beat Even beat subdivisions hefty: Guitar based bands Soloists are guitarists Instrumentation like R&B Band: Vocal, galvanizing Guitar, Bass, Drums, Piano May use horns for background riffing Generally no back-up singers Guitar style derived from Chicago blues: Slide Guitar riff slew on strings Multiple -stopped strings (& bends) Hard, percussive picki ng style musical harmony: 12 bar blues progression Form: Strophic Texts: Often Narrative flush Berryâ€guitar style and influencesStyle Characteristics Strong use of syncopated rhythms Use of repeated rhythms, melodic figures (riffs) Guitar accompaniment from boogie woozier accompaniment Use of double & multiple stops Finger slides, single & double notes Click© foregoing figure Guitar Sources: Charlie Christian, Carl Hogan Jazz) Muddy Waters, T-Bone Walker (Blues) Melodic Sense: Illinois Jacket daze Sax) Influenced by Muddy Waters, John Lee hooker Heavy use of revere in amplifier Raw edged blues sound Chant †like, rhythmic solos Rhythms based on Cuba rhythm (â€Å"Boo Diddled Rhythm” or Hammond rhythm) Buddy Holly”guitar and vocal styles Combines elements of Memphis & Chicago Rock and Roll Background in Country & Western Vocal Characteristics full(prenominal)point/Stuttering Changing vocal tone color mid-song Recorded own material almo st exclusively maiden group with line-up of electric lead and rhythm guitars, bass, drums, and everyone sings. Double †tracked vocals and guitar solos (recorded voice 2nd) Popularized use of Fender Cotoneaster guitar.Vocal group rock ‘n roll Predecessors: Black vocal harmony groups 1890-sasss sass †ass: Mills Brothers, Ink drifter Vocal Traits based Gospel traditions: High tenor against low, rumbling bass livelihood harmonies fill in chord environ and response between lead tenor and back-singers Sound Lead Vocalist back up by 3-4 back-up vocalists Tight, close harmony singing (â€Å"barbershop style”) Backup sings nonsense syllables Instrumentalists sound in background (except for solos) Band: guitar, drums, bass, piano, tenor saxophone Form: many another(prenominal) songs in standard song form accordance: Many songs use the â€Å"do do it” progression: Tonic (major) Substantiated (minor) Subdivision Dominant (l -IV-IV-V) C: C- A mint -F -G Oth er: Many â€Å"one or two hit wonders” Many Bird Groups (Orioles, Ravens, Penguins, Larks… Etc) Many Car Groups (Falsehoods, El Dorado, Impalas… Etc)\r\n'